Location: Herzberg, Germany

Carl Phillip Crause (who signed his products only with his last name) operated a gun manufactory in Herzberg on the Harz in northwestern German kingdom of Hannover from the close of Napoleonic Wars until 1857. Main production of his factory was devoted to military arms for Hannover and surrounding principalities. Weapons of his manufacture included Brunswick M1835 and M1848 rifles, Hannovarian M1850 and M1854 rifle-muskets and yager rifles, and M1840 and M1849 rifle-muskets of Hanseatic League (a coalition of north German states of Oldenberg, Hamburg, Bremen, and Lubeck). Latter two arms were subsequently altered to accept the elongated projectiles popular during 1850s. A few thousand evidently were imported into the United States and saw service during American Civil War.